目录从来没去过 英文 你曾经去过长城吗英文翻译 很晚的英语 你有没有去过长城的英文 你的书和我的一样英语
你曾进见过亮团长城吗?
Have you ever seen in the Great Wall?
你曾肢键桥进见历猛过长城吗?
Have you ever seen in the Great Wall?
-Have you ever been to the Great Wall?
-No,I have never been there.
语法点：
have/has sb. ever done sth.
the Great Wall长城（固定搭配）
there/here 前不用任何芹档介词
希望可以帮嫌核乱氏旁到你！
have you ever been to the great wall ? no i havn't
现在完成时
1.构成
现在完成时是由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。
2.用法
（1）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just, already, yet 等副词修饰。常与非延续性动词连用。 如：
-Have you had lunch yet? -Yes, I have. I've just had it. 你（已经）吃午饭了吗？ 我刚刚吃过。（现在我不饿了）
（2）表示从过搏凯去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常用延续性动词，常带有for和since（自从）等表示一段时间的状语。
如：He has taught here since 1981. 他自1981年就在这儿教书。（可能还要继续教）
I haven't seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了亮银亮。
(3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice, ever, never, three times等时间敬宽状语。
如： I have been to Beijing twice. 我去过北京二次。
3．结构
1）陈述句结构：主语＋have( has)（not）+过去分词＋其它。have not=haven’t has not= hasn’t.
2) 一般疑问句结构：Have( Has )＋主语＋过去分词＋其它？
3)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋have(has) +主语+ 过去分词＋其它？
e.g. He has already finished his homework.
He hasn’t finished his homework yet.
Has he finished his homework yet? --Yes, he has. / No, he hasn’t. / No, not yet.
4.现在完成时的时间状语
1）现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如: yesterday, last Sunday, in1990, three years ago等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。
a. 用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和 疑问句中。如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。
b. 用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。如：-Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾经去过长城吗？
-I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。c. 用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just（刚刚）, before（以前）, up to now（直到现在）/ until now, in the past (few years/ three days 等), so far (迄今为止) recently 等。例如：I have seen her before, but I can not remember where. 我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。
He has been there three times the last few days. 近几年他去过那里三次了。d.用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如：today, this morning (month ,year, term等.例如：-Have you met him today? - No, I haven't.今天你见过他吗？我没有。
How many times have you been there this year? 今年你去过那里多少次？
2） 现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在。如：I haven't seen him for two years.但是，像come, arrive, buy等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改为“be（在）”等延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换：
arrive → be herebegin (start) → be on die →be deadcome back → be back leave → be awayfall ill (sick, asleep) →be ill (sick, asleep) go out→be outfinish →be over put on→wear 或be onget up →beupjoin →be in / be a member of…open→ be open close→be closedgo to school→ be a student borrow →keep buy→havecatch(a cold)→ have(a cold) get to know →know begin to study → studycome to work→ work
如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。或He has been in the army for there years.不可以说He has joined the army for there years.
His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。（不可以说has died）
The film has been on for ten minutes.电影已开始十分钟了。（不可以说has begun）
We have studied English for three years. （不可以说have begun）我们（开始）学英语已三年了。
5. 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作。但现在完成时强调的是这一动作与现在的关系。如对现在产生的结果或影响等，而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，不表示和现在的关系。试比较：
I have lost my new book.我把新书丢了。（现在还未找到）
I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨天把新书丢了。（昨天丢的，现在找到与否没说明）
6.几点注意事项 （1）have been(to)与have gone( to)的区别：have been(to) 表示“去过某地（现在已经回来了）”，可用于各人称；have gone(to) 表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第 三人称，前者可与once ,never, several times等连用，后者则不能。如：They have beento Beijing twice.他们去过北京两次。He has gone to Beijing .他去北京了。 （2）“It is或has been + 一段时间+ since引导的时间状语从句”表示“某人干某事已经多长时间了”。since从句的谓语要用非延续性动词 若动词延续，则译成相反的意思。如：It is two years since his father died. =His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世已有三年了。It is two years since his father lived here. 他爸爸不住这儿已有三年了。（3）终止性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。如：I haven't left here since 1997.自从1997年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。（4）.提问for短语或since状语用how long。
(5).完成时的否定形式与比较级连用表达最高级含义。如：
I have never seen a better film.我从未看过一部更好的电影。（这部最好）
注：否定式与比较级连用表示最高级含义不一定用于完成时态。如：
--- What about going fishing?--- I can’t agree more.(我再同意不过了哦)
.语法—直接引语变间接引语（多数情况下变为宾语 从句）
(1). 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that 引导（口语中可以省略引导词）宾语从句。把下列句子变为间接引语或直接引语：
a. “I’ll visit my aunt tomorrow.” Lily said. ____________________________.
b. Our teacher often say to us,” It’s important to finish your homework.”
_______________________________________________________
c. They said they would meet at 9:00 p.m. that night.
“_______________________________________.”they said.
d. Lana said that she wasn’t mad at Marcia anymore.
Lana said’”_______________________________.”
(2). 直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，变为由连词if 或whether引导的宾语从句。把下列句子变为间接引语或直接引语：
a. “Will you have a surprise party for me?” he asked me.
_______________________________________________
b. She asked Tom,” Can you help me?” ___________________________c. He asked me if I knew who killed the cat.
He asked ，”__________________________________?”
(3). 直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，疑问词不变，宾语从句用陈述语序。把下列句子变为间接引语或直接引语：
a. The teacher asked,” Why are all the windows open?”
______________________________________________.
b. “When will you find out the time?” she asked me.
______________________________________________.
c. “What’s the matter with you, Alice?” he asked.
_____________________________________
d. They asked me where my friends were.
____________________________________________
(4).直接引语如果是肯定型祈使句，变为间接引语时，谓语变为tell sb. to do 或ask sb. to do 等句式。把下列句子变为间接引语或直接引语：
a. “Make sure the door is closed，” she said to her little son.
____________________________________________________.
b. “Tell me the news, please.” Li Hui said to me.
____________________________________________________.
c. He asked me to take care of his pet dog.
“_______________________________，” he said to me.
(5).直接引语如果是否定型祈使句，变为间接引语时，谓语变为tell sb.not to do 或ask sb. not to do等。把下列句子变为间接引语或直接引语：a. “Don’t smoke in the room,” he said to me.
________________________________________________.
b. “Don’t shout at the old man,” I said to him.________________________
c. Our teacher told us not to talk in class.
“____________________________, “ our teacher said to us.
d. My mother told me ___ others when they are in trouble.
A. not to laugh at B. don’t laugh at C. not laugh at D. never laugh at
2. if 条件句在一般将来时的句子里（指主句），时间状语从句、条件状语从句等的谓语动词用一般现在时代替将来时。当主句含有情态动词或主句为祈使句时，从句也用一般现在时。如：You must pay for it if you lose it.
附加疑问句
附加疑问句由“陈述句 + 附加疑问句”两部分构成。一般有两种形式：前肯后否或前否后肯。对附加疑问部分应注意以下几点： 1）主语只能用人称代词；2）附加疑问句的not必须与（be /助/情）缩写；3）附加疑问句的时态必须与陈述部分的时态一致。
Tom is a worker, isn’t Tom? (改错) _______You can swim, can not you? ( 改错)______
特别注意以下几种反意疑问句
1.陈述部分含否定意味的词如few,little,never,nothing,nobody,no,hardly,none,seldom等时，附加疑问句应使用肯定形式；但如果陈述句部分含有un-, in-, im-, dis-等否定前缀构成的派生词时，该陈述句部分仍做肯定处理，疑问部分用否定形式。
He hardly speaks English, does he? They are unhappy, aren’t they?
2. this/that作主语时，无论是否指人，疑问部分用it；these/those用they。
This is your brother, isn’t it?Those are books,_______________?
3.陈述部分的主语如果是one, 疑问部分主语用one或he。One can’t be always young, can one/ he?
4.陈述部分的主语是everything, something, nothing, anything时，附加疑问句的主语应用it；陈述部分的主语是everybody, somebody, nobody, everyone, no one时，附加疑问句的主语应用they或he。
Everything is ready, ___________? Everyone is here, ____________?
5.陈述部分是祈使句时，附加疑问句一般用：will you? 但注意：
Let’s…（包括听者在内）, 附加疑问句一般用shall we? Let us/him/me …（不包括听者在内）， 附加疑问句一般用will you?Let’s go for a walk, shall we? Let him come in, will you?
6.陈述部分是there be结构时，应用be there?结构来完成。There’s little water, _________？
7..陈述部分含that引导的宾语从句时，疑问部分通常与主句一致。但当主句陈述部分是”I / We think (believe, suppose) +宾语从句”时，附加问句应与从句一致。I’m sure + 宾语从句也是如此
1).She said I did it, _________?2)We don’t think you are right，________?
3) I’m sure you’ll help me, ____________?
8.如果陈述部分是I am… , 附加疑问部分为aren’t I? I am older than you, __________?
9.陈述部分含had better, would like时， 疑问部分分别用hadn’t…?和wouldn’t…? You’d better go out ,_______________? You’d like to go there, ____________________?
10.陈述部分是感叹句，附加问句的人称代词应与主语一致，疑问部分用否定形式。What a kind girl, isn’t she? What a fine day, ___________?
11.the+形容词表示一类人，其附加疑问句主语用复数代词。The poor had no right to speak at that time, did they?
12. 由neither…nor，either… or ， not only…but also ， both…and ， not…but，…or…，…and…等连接的并列主语，附加疑问部分用复数。
Neither you nor I am wrong, are we?Both Jack and Tom went there, didn’t they?
13.当陈述部分含有have to时，附加疑问部分的助动词应根据have 的变化，分别用don’t， doesn’t， didn’t。 He has to take your advice, doesn’t he?
14.当陈述部分的主语是从句、不定式、动名词或词组时，附加疑问部分的主语通常用it。 What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it?Swimming in rivers is a good sport, _____________?
15.当陈述部分含有wish时，附加疑问部分的助动词用may。I wish to use your computer, may I?
16. 当陈述部分的谓语是“used to+动词原形（过去常常干某事）”时，疑问部分用“didn’t+主语”或“usedn’t +主语”。He used to live in London, didn’t he? / usedn’t he?
完成时
完成时是用来表示动作的完成与未完成的情况. 完成时包括现在完成时, 过去完成时和将来 完成时.
一.现在完成时
1.现在完成时的构成 .
现在完成时的构成形式是"have / has +过去分词". 现在完成时常被称为"与现在有联系的过去",因此它不能与明确的过去时间状语连用. Someone has broken the window. 有人把窗户打破了. I haven't seen much of her lately. 我最近不常见到她. How long have they been married? 他们结婚多长时间了?
2.现在完成时的用法 .
①表示结果的现在完成时 现在完成时着眼于过去的动作对现在产生的结果或影响.这是现在完成时的"已完成"用 法,表示动作或过程发生在说话之前就已完成,并与现在有联系.这种联系实际上就是"过 去的动作"对现在的影响或产生的结果. I have bought a pen. 我买了一支笔. (结果:I have a pen now.) The temperature has increased by 10℃. 温度上升了 10 摄氏度. (结果:It is quite hot now.) Air pollution has taken the lives of many people. 空气污染已经夺去了很多人的生命. (结果:Air pollution is very serious now.)
注意: 现在完成时的上下文所指的时态必须呼应. 【误】I have bought a pen but I have lost it now.(have bought 表示你现在已经有笔了, 这和后面的 have lost 有矛盾) 【正】I bought a pen but I have lost it now. 我(过去)买了一支笔,但我已经把它丢了. 【误】I have lost my pen but I ha
ve found it now.(have lost 强调你现在已经没有笔了, 与后面 have found 的意思有冲突) 【正】I lost my pen but I have found it now. 我丢了一支笔,但现在已经找到了.
②表示经历的现在完成时 强调过去某一时刻到说话时这段时间中的经历. Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你去过长城吗? I have visited Beijing at least ten times. 北京我至少访问过十次了. She has never spent a holiday at the seaside. 她从未到海滨度过假. ③表示延续的现在完成时 这是现在完成时的"未完成"用法,表示一个动作或状态从过去某时开始,持续到现在,可 能要继续下去. He's loved fishing for a long time. 他爱好钓鱼为时已久. (他现在仍爱好钓鱼) I have lived here for more than thirty years. 我已在这儿住了三十多年了. (也许还会继续住下去) 注意: 现在完成时的"未完成"用法既可用于动态动词(主要绝晌是持续动词) ,也可用于状态动词, 但它一般不适用于表示短暂动作或位置转移的动词,如:open, break, go, come, arrive, leave 等.如用这类动词表手贺示"未完成",通毕宏派常只限于否定结构.I haven't seen a film for weeks. 我已经好几个星期没看电影了. She hasn't written to me since September. 自从 9 月份以来她还没给我写过信呢.
3.现在完成时的时间状语 .
已完成"用法连用的时间状语
①与现在完成时"已完成 用法连用的时间状语 与现在完成时 已完成 现在完成时表示的动作或状态发生在现在时间以前的某个未明确指出的过去时间内, 和它 连用的时间状语要与现在时间有关,不能是明确地表示过去的时间状语.
a. 不确定的过去时间状语:already, yet, before, recently, lately 等 不确定的过去时间状语: I've seen the film before. 我以前看过这部电影. Have you been there lately? 近来你去过那里吗?
b. 频度时间状语:often, sometimes, ever, never, once, rarely 等 频度时间状语: We have never heard of that. 我们从未听说过这事. He has sometimes played tennis. 他有时打网球. Big Ben has rarely gone wrong. 大本钟很少出差错.
c.包含现在时间在内的时间状语:now, just, today, this morning, this week, this year 等 包含现在时间在内的时间状语: I have just finished the letter now. 我现在刚写完信.You have just missed the bus. 你刚好错过公共汽车. Has he done much work today? 他今天做了很多工作吗?
比较:already 和 yet 用法上的区别 already 常用于肯定句,置于句中.yet 常用于否定句和疑问句,置于句末.但 already 有时也可用在疑问句中暗示惊讶的心情. She has already gone. 她早就走了. Have you eaten your dinner already? 你已经吃过饭了? He has not come yet. 他还没有来. 未完成"用法连用的时间状语
②与现在完成时"未完成 用法连用的时间状语 与现在完成时 未完成 与"已完成"用法一样,表示具体的过去的时间状语不能与"未完成"用法连用.与其连用的 往往是指一段时间的状语以具体表示某一动作或状态持续了多久.
a. since + 具体时间,表示动作或状态从何时开始 具体时间, Since then, he has developed another bad habit. 自那以后他养成了另一个坏习惯. He hasn't been home since he graduated. 他毕业后就没回过家.
b. for + 一段时间,表示动作或状态持续了多久 一段时间, We have worked here for ages. 我们在这里工作很久了. There has been no rain here for nearly two months. 这里已经近两个月没有下雨了.
c. until now, up till now, so far, up to the moment 到目前为止 I have not seen him so far. 到目前为止我没见过他. Up to the present, everything has been OK. 到目前为止一切正常.
d. in/during the past/last five years 在刚刚过去的 5 年里 He has been away from school during the last few weeks. 过去的几个星期里他没在学校.
In the past few years they have dealt with quite a few international corporations successfully. 在过去的几年中他们已经和好几家跨国公司做成了生意.
e. all the while, all day 一直,一整天 一直, She has been busy all day. 她忙了一整天.
4.现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 .
①两者都可表示过去发生过的动作,但前者表示的是过去的动作对现在的影响,而后者则 两者都可表示过去发生过的动作,但前者表示的是过去的动作对现在的影响, 只是表示过去有这一动作的事实. 只是表示过去有这一动作的事实.
He locked the door. 他锁过门. (但现在门是开是锁不清楚. ) He has locked the door. 他把门锁上了. (现在门是锁着的. ) Who turned on the light? 谁开的灯?(着眼开灯的动作,不管现在灯是开是关. ) Who has turned on the light? 谁把灯打开了?(着眼开灯的结果,即现在灯还亮着. )
②两者都可表示过去开始并延续了一段时间的动作,现在完成时表示该动作仍在继续,而 两者都可表示过去开始并延续了一段时间的动作,现在完成时表示该动作仍在继续, 一般过去时则说明该动作现已终止. 一般过去时则说明该动作现已终止.He has lived in Beijing for four years. 他在北京住了四年了. (现在仍住那儿) He lived in Beijing for four years. 他曾在北京住了四年. (现在不住那儿了)
二.过去完成时
过去完成时的动作须在过去某一时间之前发生,即发生在"过去的过去".
1.过去完成时的构成 .
过去完成时是由"had+过去分词"构成的. Soon I realized I had made a serious mistake. 我很快就意识到我犯了一个严重的错误. The man sitting beside me on the plane was very nervous. He had not flown before. 飞机上坐在我旁边的人很紧张,他以前从没乘过飞机. Had he gone home when you arrived? 你到的时候他已经回家了吗?
2.过去完成时的用法 .
已完成"用法
①"已完成 用法 已完成 表示某一动作或状态在过去某一时间之前或过去某一动作之前已经完成.句中常用 by 引 导的时间状语或以 before, until, when, than 等词引导的内含一般过去时的时间状语从句.By 5:00 yesterday morning we had done that work. 到昨天早上 5 点钟时,我们已经做完了那件工作. He had just finished sweeping the classroom when the teacher returned from the office. 老师从办公室回来时,他刚把教室打扫完. They came earlier than we had expected. 他们到得比我们预料的要早. I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university. 我在进大学之前就已学了 5000 个单词. It rained yesterday after it had been dry for many months. 旱了好几个月之后,昨天下雨了. 注意: 在包含 before 和 after 的复合句中, 因为从句动作和主句动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明 确,可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时. The train (had) started before I reached the station. 在我到达车站之前,列车已经开了. After he (had) arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English.马克思到达英格兰之后,努力提高他的英语水平. 未完成"用法 ②"未完成 用法 未完成 表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时刻之前就已开始, 一直持续到这一过去时间, 还可能再 持续下去. Up to that time all had gone well. 直到那时一切都很顺利. John and Jane had known each other for a long time before their marriage. 约翰和简在结婚前就认识很长时间了. She said she had made much progress since she came here. 她说自从她到这儿后已取得了很大的进步. 想象性"用法
③"想象性 用法 想象性 过去完成时有时表示一种未实现的愿望或想法, 主要用在 if 引导的和过去事实相反的条件 句以及 wish, as if 引导的从句中. If she had worked hard, she would have succeeded. 要是她努力的话,她就会成功了. (事实上她没努力,也没成功. ) I wish I had gone with you to the concert. 我要是和你一起去音乐会就好了. The two strangers talked as if they had been good friends for many years. 那两个陌生人交谈起来就像是多年的老朋友. 刚刚……就……"
④表示"刚刚 表示 刚刚 就 过去完成时常用在 hardly/scarcely/barely ... when..., no sooner ... than ... 等结构中,表 示"刚刚……就……". Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him. 他刚开始演讲,听众就打断了他. No sooner had he arrived than he went away again. 他刚到就又走了. 提示:intend, mean, hope, want, plan, suppose, expect, think 等动词的过去完成时可以用来表 示一个本来打算做而未做的事. I had meant to come, but something happened. 我原本打算来的,但有事发生了. I had intended to call on you, but was prevented from doing so. 我本打算去看你的,但没能去成. They had wanted to help but couldn't get here in time. 他们原想帮忙的,但没能及时赶到这里.
3.过去完成时与一般过去时的比较 .
一般过去时表示过去时间的动作或状态. 过去完成时表示的动作或状态发生在一般过去时 表示的动作或状态之前,因此它表示的是"比过去更过去". I returned the book that I had borrowed. 我已归还了我借的书. He didn't know a thing about the verb, for he had not studied his lessons. 他对动词一无所知,因为他没有好好学习功课. I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 我在车站等了 20 分钟车才来.
三.将来完成时
1.将来完成时的构成 .
将来完成时的构成是由"shall/ will + have +过去分词"构成的. Before long he will have forgotten all about the matter. 不久他就会全然忘记这件事的. He is somebody now. He will not have remembered his old classmates. 他现在是一个有身份的人了,他可能不会记得老同学了. Will you have known Kevin for 10 years next month? 到下个月你认识凯文该有 10 年了 吧?
2. 将来完成时的用法
①表示在将来某一时间之前已完成的动作,并往往对将来某一时间产生影响. 表示在将来某一时间之前已完成的动作,并往往对将来某一时间产生影响.
We shall have learned 12 units by the end of this term. 到这个学期末,我们将学完 12 个单元. By the time you get home I will have cleaned the house from top to bottom. 你到家之前我将把房子彻底打扫一遍. Will you soon have finished laying the table? 你会很快摆放好餐桌吗? 注意: 在时间状语从句中,不用将来完成时,要用现在完成时来代替. When I have finished that, I shall have done all I am supposed to do. 等我做完这件事时,我就做完我该做的所有的事了. Please don't get off the bus until it has stopped. 请待车停稳了再下车.
②表示推测 You will have heard of this, I guess. 我想你已经听说过这件事了. I am sure he will have got the information. 我相信他一定得到了这个信息.
四. 完成进行时
完成进行时是完成时和进行时的结合,包括现在完成进行时和过去完成进行时.
A. 现在完成进行时 现在完成进行时
1.现在完成进行时的构成 . 现在完成进行时是由"have/has been + 现在分词"构成的. He is ill. He's been lying in bed for three weeks.
他病了,已经卧床 3 个星期了. Your eyes are red. Have you been crying? 你眼睛红了.你刚刚哭过了吗? What have you been doing all this time? 这半天你干什么来着?
2.现在完成进行时的用法 .
①表示动作从过去某时开始,一直延续到现在 表示动作从过去某时开始, 现在完成进行时常和 all this time, this week, this month, all night, all the morning, recently 等状语以及 since 和 for 引导的状语连用. I have been reading Hemingway's Farewell to Arms recen tly. 我最近一直在读海明威的《永别了,武器》 . She has been reciting the words all the morning. 她整个上午都在背单词. This is what I have been expecting since my childhood. 这是我从小以来就一直期待着的事情.
②表示动作刚刚结束 My clothes are all wet. I've been working in the rain. 我的衣服全湿了,我刚才一直在雨中干活. He is dead drunk. He's been drinking with his friends. 他烂醉如泥,他刚才一直在和朋友们喝酒.
③表示一个近期内时断时续,重复发生的动作 表示一个近期内时断时续,
You've been saying that for five years. 这话你已经说了五年了. He has been writing articles to the newspapers and magazines since he became a teacher. 自从任教以来,他一直在为报刊杂志撰稿.
④表达较重的感情色彩
What have you been doing to my dictionary? 看你把我的字典弄成什么样子了! Time has been flying so quickly! 时间过得可真快啊! Too much has been happening today. 今天可真是个多事的日子.
3. 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的比较
①现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复,而现在完成时一般不表示重复性. 现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复,而现在完成时一般不表示重复性.
Have you been meeting him recently? 你最近常和他见面吗? Have you met him recently? 你最近见到过他吗?
②现在完成进行时有时含有感情色彩,而现在完成时一般是平铺直叙. 现在完成进行时有时含有感情色彩,而现在完成时一般是平铺直叙.
I have been waiting for you for two hours. 我一直等了你两个小时. (可能表示不满) I have waited for you for two hours. 我等了你两个小时. (说明一个事实)
③现在完成进行时强调动作,而现在完成时强调结果. 现在完成进行时强调动作,而现在完成时强调结果.
Who has been eating the oranges? 谁一直在吃这些桔子呀?(还剩余一些) Who has eaten the oranges? 谁把桔子吃光了?(强调吃得一个不剩)
B. 过去完成进行时
1. 过去完成进行时的构成 过去完成进行时是由"had been + 现在分词"构成. She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam. 她在考试之前一直患重感冒. Had they been expecting the news for some time? 他们期待这个消息有一段时间了吧? Rafael was scolded even though he hadn't been doing anything wrong. 尽管拉斐尔没做什么错事,但他还是挨骂了.
2. 过去完成进行时的用法
①表示过去某一时间之前一直进行的动作 过去完成进行时表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始, 一直延续到这一过去时间. 和过去完成 时一样,过去完成进行时也必须以一过去时间为前提. I had been looking for it for days before I found it. 这东西我找了好多天才找着的. They had only been waiting for the bus a few moments when it came. 他们只等了一会儿车就来了.
②表示反复的动作
He had been mentioning your name to me. 他过去多次向我提到过你的名字. You had been giving me everything. 你对我真是有求必应.
③过去完成进行时还常用于间接引语中
The doctor asked what he had been eating. 医生问他吃了什么. I asked where they had been staying all those days. 我问他们那些天是待在哪儿的. 突然"之意的
④过去完成进行时之后也可接具有"突然 之意的 when 分句 过去完成进行时之后也可接具有 突然 I had only been reading a few minutes when he came in. 我刚看了几分钟他就进来了. She'd only been reviewing her lessons for a short while when her little sister interrupted her. 她温习功课才一会儿,她妹妹就打断她了.
3.过去完成进行时和过去完成时的比较 . She had cleaned the office, so it was very tidy. 她已经打扫过办公室了,所以很整洁. (强调结果) She had been cleaning the office, so we had to wait outside. 她一直在打扫办公室,所以我们不得不在外面等着. (强调动作一直在进行)
希望能对你有所帮助,(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……
